Exceed material of strong cutting tool -- diamond and cubic nitrogen change boron (3)

1 cutting hard alloy uses dosage of cutting of PCBN and YG20(HRA85) of hard alloy of turning of PCD diamond cutting tool: α P =value="0.

1" UnitName="mm">0.

1mm, f=value="0.

05" UnitName="mm">0.

05mm/r, ν =value="16" UnitName="m">16m/min Normal > cutting tool: Normal > PCBN, γ 01=-20 ° , b γ 1=value="0.

2" UnitName="mm">0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =45, r ε =value="0.

5" UnitName="mm">0.

5mm, ° of λ S =0; Normal > PCD, γ 01=-20 ° , b γ 1=value="0.

2" UnitName="mm">0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , r ε =value="4" UnitName="mm">4mm, ° of λ S =0; Use dry cutting; Graph the 1 cutting tool wear curve that experiments for this group. The close of wear out condition of two kinds of cutting tool. Consider to Co is contained to amount to 20 ％ in YG20, co is element of iron a group of things with common features, have certain effect to the graphitization of diamond, but not as intense as iron element, if pursue,reason reached such 1 result. The author uses YG6(HRA89 of hard alloy of turning of cutting tool of diamond of CVD thick film again.

5) . Cutting dosage: α P =value="0.

1" UnitName="mm">0.

1mm, f=value="0.

05" UnitName="mm">0.

05mm/r, ν =15value="80" UnitName="m">-80m/min Normal > cutting tool: γ 0=-5 ° , α 0=7 ° , ° of κ R =75, λ S=-3 ° , r ε =value="0.

6" UnitName="mm">0.

6mmnormal > uses dry cutting; VB=value="0.

1" UnitName="mm">0.

1mm. Normal > gets T- ν curve 2. Normal Align=center>normal > its peaceful straps (Taylor) equation is Normal Align=left> ν .

81 authors still use YG20(HRA85) of turning of PCBN cutting tool. Cutting dosage: α P =value="0.

1" UnitName="mm">0.

1mm, f=value="0.

05" UnitName="mm">0.

05mm/r, ν =10value="80" UnitName="m">-80m/min Normal > cutting tool: γ 0=0 ° , γ 01=-20 ° , b γ 1=value="0.

2" UnitName="mm">0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =45, ° of λ S =0, r ε =value="0.

5" UnitName="mm">0.

5mm uses dry cutting; VB=0.

If pursue,2mm gets T- ν curve 3. Its Taylor (Taylor) equation is T0 of ν =82 ／ .

48 2.

Pottery and porcelain of 2 cutting project uses thick film of PCBN cutting tool and PCD, CVD Al2O3 of turning of cutting tool of two kinds of diamond base compound project pottery and porcelain (HRA88-89) . Cutting dosage: α P =value="0.

1" UnitName="mm">0.

1mm, f=value="0.

05" UnitName="mm">0.

05mm/r, ν =value="42" UnitName="m">42m/min; Normal > cutting tool: Normal > PCBN, γ 01=-20 ° , b γ =value="0.

2" UnitName="mm">0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =45, ° of λ S =0, r ε =value="0.

5" UnitName="mm">0.

5mm; Normal > PCD, ° of 0=0 of CVD γ , γ 01=-20 ° , b γ =value="0.

2" UnitName="mm">0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , ° of λ S =0, r ε =value="4" UnitName="mm">4mm; Use dry cutting; If pursue,get wear curve of comparative cutting tool 4. Inferior as a result of the hardness of PCBN at diamond, reason cutting tool wears away a bit fast. And the cutting tool of tenacity excel CVD of PCD cutting tool, reason its wearability is banner. 2.

Glass of 3 cutting industry uses thick film of PCBN cutting tool and PCD, CVD glass of industry of turning of cutting tool of two kinds of diamond (composition is SiO2, Na2O, CaO to wait, hardness makes an appointment with 400-500HV) . Normal > cutting dosage: α P =value="0.

1" UnitName="mm">0.

1mm, f=value="0.

05" UnitName="mm">0.

05mm/r, parameter of geometry of cutting tool of ν =value="38" UnitName="m">38m/min: With 2.

2 use dry cutting; If pursue,get wear curve of comparative cutting tool 5. PCD still precedes. The hardness of industrial glass does not calculate too tall, blame exceed strong cutting tool also can cutting. But from the point of test data, glass still has fair treatment difficulty. 3 exceed composite material of cutting of strong cutting tool to be in industry of contemporary aviation, spaceflight, use composite material generally, composite material often is matrix with metal or colophony, strengthen with fiber or grain, have proportion small, mix than intensity and caustic of bigger than stretch model quantity, high temperature resistant, wear-resisting fight Zhen Xingjiang to wait for an advantage. Enhance fiber to have carbon fiber, fibre glass, fragrant black silk ribbon (Kevlar) fiber, boracic fiber; Group complex composite material calls CFRP, GFRP, KFRP, BFRP. Brilliant of useful also SiC needs buildup composite material. Grain strengthens the horniness grain data that composite material place uses to SiC, AlN, Al2O3 waits. The hardness of grain material, grain size and grain how many (namely grain is in whole material the weight that holds or volume share) the impact of the function to composite material and machinability is very big. 3.

The composite material that 1 cutting fiber strengthens dies boracic PCBN and CVD thick film and turning of filmy diamond cutting tool with cubic nitrogen colophony of phenolic aldehyde of GFRP(of a kind of glass reinforced plastics base the composite material) that fibre glass strengthens. Its are macroscopical hardness is 131HBS, but the hardness outclass of fibre glass this. To undertake contrast, still used K in cutting experiment kind hard alloy (YS8) and Si3N4 base compound pottery and porcelain (HDM3) cutting tool. Normal > cutting dosage: α P =0.

3mm, f=0.

1mm/r, ν =80m/min; Normal > cutting tool: Normal > YS8, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =45, ° of λ S =-4, r ε =1mm; Normal > Hdm3, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =75, ° of λ S =-4, r ε =1mmnormal >CVD thick film γ 0=0 ° , γ 01=-15 ° , b γ =0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =45, ° of λ S =0, r ε =0.

5mm; Normal > CVD is filmy ° of diamond γ 0=-10, α 0=8 ° , r ε =4mm; Normal > PCBN, γ 01=-15 ° , b γ =0.

2mm, α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =45, ° of λ S =0, r ε =0.

5mm; The rank of cutting tool wear curve that does not add cutting fluid to get pursues 6. By the graph 6 visible, the treatment of GFRP has certain difficulty, but difficulty is not great. With hardness alloy or GFRP of turning of cutting tool of pottery and porcelain, when cutting time amounts to 30mm above, VB is knife face wear extent about after 0.

2mm. When time of cutting of PCBN cutting tool amounts to 50min, VB is about 0.

16mm. CVD thick film and 60min of cutting of filmy diamond cutting tool, VB Fonda 0.

04-0.

08mm, the colophony of base material phenolic aldehyde of GFRP is negligible to influence of cutting tool tatty; But fibre glass has abrade effect to blade of cutting tool cutting. Still have GFRP of turning of cutting tool of diamond of CVD thick film. Cutting dosage: α P =0.

3mm, f=0.

1mm/r, 310m/minnormal > cutting tool: γ 0=0 ° , α 0=7 ° , ° of κ R =45, ° of λ S =0, r ε =0.

5mmnormal > is dry cut, VB=0.

05mmnormal > gets T- ν curve 7. Normal Align=center>normal > (Taylor) equation is ν =8.

55/T0.

4543.

The composite material that 2 cutting grain strengthens is used exceed aluminium alloy of turning of strong cutting tool base, the composite material that SiC grain strengthens. Composite material has 3 kinds: № .

1: SiCp/ZL109, m of granuality 40-50 μ , weight compares Wt20 ％ Normal > № .

2: SiCp/ZL109, m of granuality 28-40 μ , wt20 ％ , (300MPanormal > № .

3: SiCp/ZL109, granuality 28 μ M, wt20 ％ Normal > cutting tool is diamond of CVD thick film. Geometrical parameter is Normal > γ , α 0=13 ° , ° of κ R =75, ° of λ S =6, r ε =0.

6mmnormal > cutting dosage: α P =0.

3mm, f=0.

1mm/r, =73m/min does ν cut if pursue,get cutting tool wear curve 8. By the graph 8 visible, № .

1 composite material compares difficult treatment, the SiC grain that its reason is it is big. № .

2 with № .

The machinability of 3 composite material is more adjacent. Uses composite material, strengthen grain to all be Wt20 ％ . Self-evident, grain content is much, machine harder. The hardness of SiC is very tall, amount to 3000 ～ 3500HV. SiC grain has cut and concussion effect to blade of cutting tool cutting, make cutting tool happening wears away thereby. Except diamond and PCBN two kinds exceed strong cutting tool outside, without other cutting tool material can be competent to strengthen composite material to undertake cutting to grain. Although the hardness of diamond and PCBN is enough, dan Ren sex is insufficient, reason falls in SiC grain concussion, they also will happen wear away, wear away even faster. Its wear away the form is " abrasive wears away " and " cutting blade small collapse " . Apparent, to the grain with inferior hardness, machine more easily. According to the concept of physics, the kinetic energy of the object is equal to the half of the product of its quality and speed square, namely E=½mv2; The momentum of mobile is equal to object quality and speed and product, namely Ft=mv, and the change of momentum is impulse, reason M is bigger, v is bigger, criterion the kinetic energy of the object, momentum and impulse all are jumped over big. The action absolutely of composite material grain. This shows, when cutting composite material, the quality of hard grain is greater, cutting rate is higher, criterion grain is bigger to the injury of cutting tool. PCBN cutting tool also can machine SiC grain to strengthen composite material, although its wearability inferiors to be provided at diamond knife a bit, but usable. Material of other cutting tool all can'ts bear using. Use cutting tool of hard alloy YG6 for example, can saying is " collapse at the first encounter " . Graph 9 showed afore-mentioned cases, graph 9 in α P =0.

3mm, f=0.

1mm/r, ν =70m/min, dry cut. Parameter of cutting tool geometry skips. Normal > author uses № of turning of PCBN cutting tool technically again.

3 composite material. Normal > cutting dosage: α P =0.

3mm, f=0.

1mm/r, ν =40-150m/minnormal > cutting tool: γ 0=1 ° , α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =75, r ε =0.

3mmnormal > is dry cut, VB=0.

3mmnormal > gets is shown 10 times like the graph. Normal > (Taylor) equation is Normal Align=center> ν .

The interrupted cutting author that 5544 exceed strong cutting tool uses direct current of turning of cutting tool of diamond of CVD thick film machine commutate child, contrast to it with M10 hard alloy. Rectification child it is in red copper cylinder leaves a certain number of the chamfer that distributings equably, mount mica sheet. Micaceous composition is KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2(natural) or KMg2(AlSiO3O10)F2(artifical, call fluorine phlogopite) again, its hardness is Mohs 4 class. Because red copper hardness is very low, reason commutate child in cutting, mica pounds action. Normal > cutting dosage: α P =0.

3mm, f=0.

1mm/r, ν =80m/minnormal > cutting tool: Normal > CVD thick film: γ 0=-10 ° , α 0=8 ° , ° of κ R =65, ° of λ S =-5, r ε =0.

5mmnormal > M10: γ 0=3 ° , α 0=11 ° , ° of κ R =90, ° of λ S =2, r ε =0.

5mmnormal > gets is shown 11 times like the graph. Normal Align=center>normal > can see, below the circumstance of γ 0=-10 ° , be opposite with cutting tool of diamond of CVD thick film rectification child the cutting that undertakes containing pounding a gender certainly, obtained favorable result. The cutting author when 5 exceed the employ cutting fluid of strong cutting tool uses YG6(HRA89 of hard alloy of PCBN and turning of cutting tool of diamond of CVD thick film.

5) , in employ fluid of water radical cutting is mixed dry cut two kinds of conditions next contrasting undertaking. Cutting dosage: α P =0.

1mm, f=0.

05mm/r, ν =14.

8m/mmnormal > cutting tool: Slightly Normal > gets cutting tool wear curve is like graph 12normal Align=center>normal > is visible, employ water base cutting fluid, advantageous to diamond cutting tool, can reduce cutting tool to wear away; Adverse to PCBN cutting tool, accelerate its to wear away instead. Normal > is in because of PCBN cutting tool relatively below high temperature, will produce chemical reaction with water water, and lose its hardness. Normal MARGIN of 28pt"> BN+3H2O → : 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt"> author classics tries fact of test and verify, employ is oily base cutting fluid, to the cutting of diamond cutting tool, also have reduce effect of cutting tool tatty. Normal > author still is used with the graph 2 same cutting conditions, employ water base cutting fluid, make cutting test, get T- ν curve sees a picture 13. Normal Align=center>normal > (Taylor) equation is Normal Align=center> ν .

664 (VB=0.

The exceeds accurate cutting and general cutting treatment surface surface roughness that 1mm)6 exceeds strong cutting tool exceeds accurate cutting basically is to use diamond cutting tool to machine nonferrous metal and its alloy. Diamond cutting tool, especially natural diamond cutting tool, be ground through essence of life and careful abrade, can receive extremely sharp cutting knife. Its are blunt round radius can amount to accept rice class. In exceed accurate machine tool to go up, cooperate to be mixed with parameter of reasonable cutting tool geometry again cutting dosage, can machine the spare parts of nicety of favorable balance of trade. Author and concerned branch, make lathe tool with diamond of natural diamond, man-made PCD diamond and man-made CVD thick film, grind via careful blade with abrade, CZ of ― of LY12 of turning aluminium alloy, with accurate lathe (not be to exceed accurate lathe) , cutting dosage is μ M of α P =1-5 about, f=0.

01mm/r-2.

5 μ M/r, ν =60m/min. Cutting result: Natural diamond cutting tool but the car goes Ra=0.

Of 01 μ M already machined exterior surface roughness, artifical cutting tool of two kinds of diamond but the car goes Ra=0.

04 ～ 0.

Of 05 μ M already machined exterior surface roughness. Hard data cutting tool is in author Ceng Yongchao the turning on general accuracy machine tool a variety of metals and metalloid material, measure go out to already machined exterior surface roughness. As comparative as hard alloy cutting tool, be without exception, the surface roughness of earning of cutting of diamond cutting tool is reduced significantly, cubic nitrogen changes boracic cutting tool to also cannot be compared with photograph of diamond cutting tool on one hand in this, former earning is more than latter to workpiece surface surface roughness. Because the cutting blade of diamond cutting tool can be ground tartlier, and as smaller as the coefficient of friction between workpiece material, be helpful for getting smoother workpiece already machined the surface. Graph 14 it is № of turning of cutting tool of CVD diamond thick film and cutting tool of hard alloy YG8.

What exterior surface roughness machines when 3 composite material is comparative. Graph 15 it is the contrast that cutting tool of CVD diamond thick film and turning of cutting tool of hard alloy M10 machine exterior surface roughness when all sorts of nonferrous metal. In the graph 14, graph 15 in, parameter of cutting tool geometry all is omitted, and all cut to work. The applied range that 7 last words exceed material of strong cutting tool is very wide, and in developing ceaselessly. The article and the content that preamble publishs are the partial case that surpasses material of strong cutting tool and partial test data only. However, can be informed, it is OK to exceed strong cutting tool undertake machining to all sorts of all sorts of all sorts of hard fragile data, difficult treatment material, composite material, have banner treatment efficiency and treatment quality. Diamond cutting tool suits to be used at be not the treatment of iron metal, nonferrous metal most, and can undertake superprecision to nonferrous metal. Cubic nitrogen changes boron to suit to be used at hard steel of all sorts of temper by dipping in water, cold hard cast-iron etc most the cutting of metal of tall hard black. Usually, the difficult treatment data that diamond cutting tool can process, cubic nitrogen changes boracic cutting tool to also can be competent. The application of cutting tool of making synthetic diamond is wider and wider, and the natural diamond that already replaced much. CNC Milling